Infection, Mumps vaccine

Mumps is generally a self-limited disease in children but occasionally is moderately debilitating. A live attenuated mumps vaccine is available alone or in combination with measles and German measles vaccines. No serious adverse reactions have been reported following mumps immunization.

Boryokudan

(Japanese: �tough gang�), any of various Japanese criminal gangs of centuries-long tradition, which combined in the 20th century into Mafia-like organizations. Members, often called yakuza (�good-for-nothing�), or gyangu (�gangster�), adopt samurai-like rituals and often bear elaborate body tattoos. They engage in extortion, blackmail, smuggling, prostitution, drugs, gambling,

Adalbert, Saint

Descended from the Slavn�k princes of Bohemia, he was trained in theology at Magdeburg (Germany). At his confirmation he received his name from St. Adalbert, first archbishop of Magdeburg. As bishop (elected 982), Adalbert promoted the political

Philip Iii

Philip was the son of John the Fearless and Margaret of Bavaria. When he became duke of Burgundy at the age of 23, his first aim was to extricate himself as expeditiously

Quahog

Edible species of clam (q.v.).

Auckland, George Eden, Earl Of, 2nd Baron Auckland, 2nd Baron Auckland Of Auckland, Baron Eden Of Norwood

Succeeding to his father's baronies in 1814, Auckland, a member of the Whig Party, served as Board of Trade president and as first lord of the Admiralty before being selected in

Black Forest

German �Schwarzwald, � mountain region, Baden-W�rttemberg Land (state), southwestern Germany, source of the Danube and Neckar rivers. It occupies an area of 2,320 sq mi (6,009 sq km) and extends toward the northeast for about 100 mi (160 km) from S�ckingen on the Upper Rhine River (at the Swiss border) to Durlach (east of Karlsruhe). Its width varies from 10 to 25 mi. Structurally and topographically it forms the counterpart

Tiepolo, Giovanni Battista

Great Italian painter of the 18th century. His luminous, poetic frescoes (e.g., �The Banquet of Anthony and Cleopatra,� before 1750), while extending the tradition of Baroque ceiling decoration, epitomize the lightness and elegance of the Rococo period (see photograph).

Fu-chou

Fu-chou was one of the first places in Fukien to be settled. At the beginning of the 2nd

Lena River

The Lena is navigable by small boats in sections below Kachug and below Ust-Kut by larger vessels. The most important ports are Bulun, Zhigansk, Yakutsk, Vitim, Kirensk, Osetrovo, Zhigalovo, and Kachug. The major navigable tributaries are the Kirenga and Vilyuy on the left bank and the Vitim, Olyokma, and Aldan on the right bank. Timber, furs, gold, mica, industrial products,

Balboa

Pacific terminal port in central Panama, at the southern end of the Panama Canal. It lies between the canal docks and Anc�n Hill, which separates it from Panama City. Founded in 1914 and named for Vasco N��ez de Balboa, European discoverer of the Pacific, it has extensive harbour installations, drydocks, marine and railroad repair shops, warehouses, and a coaling plant. Balboa

M.b.e.

Member of the British Empire, member of a British order of knighthood, though this rank does not confer knighthood. See British Empire, The Most Excellent Order of the.

Dowlaiswaram

Town, East Godavari district, northeastern Andhra Pradesh state, southern India, on the Godavari River Delta. Dowlaiswaram is located at the source of the great delta, and a dam 2 mi (3.2 km) long crosses the river at this point, supplying canals that irrigate 1,000,000 ac (400,000 ha). Rice fields, gardens, and villages are scattered over the deltaic region that surrounds the mainly agricultural

Fisher, Alan (wainwright)

Fisher left secondary school in 1939 to join the local office of NUPE as a junior clerk, later

Beardmore Glacier

Glacier in central Antarctica, descending about 7,200 ft (2,200 m) from the South Polar Plateau to Ross Ice Shelf, dividing the Transantarctic Mountains of Queen Maud and Queen Alexandra. One of the world's largest known valley glaciers, it is 125 mi (200 km) long and is 25 mi in width. The British explorers Ernest Henry Shackleton (1908) and Robert Scott (1911) discovered the glacier on their route to the

Turgovishte

Also spelled �Targovi

Hernici

Ancient people of Italy, whose territory was in Latium between the Fucine Lake (modern Fucino) and the Trerus (modern Sacco) River, bounded by the Volsci on the south and by the Aequi and the Marsi on the north. In 486 BC they were still strong enough to conclude a treaty with the Romans on equal terms. They broke away from Rome in 362 - 358. In 306 their chief town, Anagnia (Anagni), was taken by the

Arts, East Asian, Painting and related arts

Literature and poetry indicate that the walls of palaces, mansions, and ancestral halls were plastered and painted. Themes included figure subjects, portraits, and scenes from history that had an ethical or didactic purpose. Equally popular were themes taken from folk and nature cults that expressed the beliefs of popular Taoism. The names of the painters are generally

Annelid, Critical appraisal

Most authors accept the annelids as having three major classes: Polychaeta, Oligochaeta, and Hirudinea. Older systems would place the polychaetes and oligochaetes under the class Chaetopoda because both groups possess setae. Other systems would join the oligochaetes and leeches in a single class, called the Clitellata, because both groups possess a clitellum

Philopoemen

He was trained to a career of arms by the Academic philosophers Ecdelus and Demophanes. After spending some 10 years as a mercenary leader in Crete, he returned to Achaea and was elected federal cavalry commander for 210/209, when his reorganized

Aklavik

Hamlet, Inuvik region, northwestern Northwest Territories, Canada. It is situated in the Mackenzie River delta near the Yukon border. Its Eskimo name can be translated �where there are bears.� Established as a Hudson's Bay Company trading post on the south bank of the Mackenzie River's West Channel in 1912, Aklavik was moved to the north bank in 1920. It is the site of a radio and meteorological

Priesthood, The ancient Middle East

In the Nile valley the occupant of the throne (the pharaoh) was regarded as a god incarnate, the sacred king. Because he was believed to be the epitome of all that was divine, he alone was the intermediary between mankind and the gods whom he summed up in his complex personality. Before Menes, founder of the 1st dynasty (c. 3100 - 2890 BC), centralized the rule of Upper and Lower Egypt, the high

Hadrumetum

Modern �Susah�, also spelled� Sousa, �or �Sousse� ancient Phoenician colony some 100 miles (160 km) south of Carthage, on the east coast of the Al-Hammamat Gulf in what is now Tunisia. Hadrumetum was one of the most important communities within the Carthaginian territory in northern Africa because of its location on the sea at the edge of the fertile Sahel region. In the Third Punic War (149 - 146 BC) Hadrumetum sided with Rome, and its citizens

Eritrea, Natural resources

The area of cultivation is limited by climate and the uneven surface of the plateau, so that,

Burbank

City, Los Angeles county, California, U.S., in the San Fernando Valley. Part of Rancho San Rafael and La Providencia, it was laid out in 1887 by the Providencia Land, Water and Development Company and named for David Burbank, a Los Angeles dentist who had established a sheep ranch there in 1867. An early truck-manufacturing and motion-picture centre, its growth was rapid during the

Bohemond Vi

The son of Bohemond V by Luciana, he succeeded his father in 1252. In 1250 his sister Plaisance had married Henry I of Cyprus, the son of Hugh I, and the Cypriot connection of Antioch was thus maintained. In 1252 Bohemond VI established himself in Antioch, leaving Tripoli to itself, and in February 1258 he procured the recognition of his nephew, Hugh II

Asyut

Asy

Cultivator

Horse-drawn cultivators were introduced in the mid-19th century; by 1870 a farmer with two horses could cultivate as much as 15 acres (6 hectares) a day with a machine the shovels (blades) of which straddled the crop rows. In the 20th century, with tractor power substituted

Biblical Literature, The Book of Enoch

Another book that was written during the period of the apocalyptic movement in which the Dead Sea sect came into existence is the Book of Enoch, or I Enoch. It was completely preserved in an Ethiopic translation from Greek, and large parts from the beginning and end of the Greek version have been published from two papyri. Aramaic fragments of many parts of the book

Abel

In the Old Testament, second son of Adam and Eve, who was slain by his older brother, Cain (Genesis 4:1 - 16). According to Genesis, Abel, a shepherd, offered the Lord the firstborn of his flock. The Lord respected Abel's sacrifice but did not respect that offered by Cain. In a jealous rage, Cain murdered Abel. Cain then became a fugitive because his brother's innocent blood put a curse